free-space waveguide

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• Free space — In classical physics, free space is a concept of electromagnetic theory, corresponding to a theoretically perfect vacuum, and sometimes referred to as the vacuum of free space. The definitions of the ampere and meter SI units are based upon… …   Wikipedia

• Waveguide (electromagnetism) — In electromagnetics and communications engineering, the term waveguide may refer to any linear structure that guides electromagnetic waves. However, the original and most common meaning is a hollow metal pipe used for this purpose.A dielectric… …   Wikipedia

• Arrayed waveguide grating — Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) are commonly used as optical (de)multiplexers in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems. These devices are capable of multiplexing a large number of wavelengths into a single optical fiber, thereby… …   Wikipedia

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• telecommunications media — Introduction       equipment and systems metal wire, terrestrial and satellite radio, and optical fibre employed in the transmission of electromagnetic signals. Transmission media and the problem of signal degradation       Every… …   Universalium

• Metamaterial antenna — This Z antenna tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is smaller than a standard antenna with comparable properties. Its high efficiency is derived from the Z element inside the square that acts as a metamaterial, greatly… …   Wikipedia

• Negative index metamaterials — A negative index metamaterial causes light to refract, or bend, differently than in more common positive refractive index materials. Negative index metamaterials or negative index materials (NIM) are artificial structures where the refractive… …   Wikipedia

• Horn antenna — Pyramidal microwave horn antenna, with a bandwidth of 0.8 to 18 GHz. A coaxial cable feedline attaches to the connector visible at top. This type is called a ridged horn; the curving fins visible inside the mouth of the horn increase the antenna… …   Wikipedia

• Optical fiber — A bundle of optical fibers A TOSLINK fiber optic audio c …   Wikipedia

• Ray transfer matrix analysis — (also known as ABCD matrix analysis) is a type of ray tracing technique used in the design of some optical systems, particularly lasers. It involves the construction of a ray transfer matrix which describes the optical system; tracing of a light… …   Wikipedia

• Coaxial cable — RG 59 flexible coaxial cable composed of: A: outer plastic sheath B: woven copper shield C: inner dielectric insulator D: copper core Coaxial cable, or coax, has an inner conductor surrounded by a flexible, tubular insulating layer, surrounded by …   Wikipedia